北京市长是什么级别
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29 ???????? 1850 ????????, ??? ??????, ???????? ?????? ![]() |
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10 ???? 1914 (???? 63) ???????, ???????? ????'????? ![]() |
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????? ??? ??? ??????????? (?"? ?????? ?'???"?, ??????? 1850 – ?"? ????? ?'???"?, ??? 1914) ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????.
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]???? ???? ???????? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? (????? ???????), ?????? ?? ????? ??"?. ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????. ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????, ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??????. ??"? ????? ?'??"?, 1859, ????? ?? 9, ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????. ?????? ?? 15 ???, ???? ???? ?? ?' ????? ?"?, ?? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ?? ????? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???, ?????. ??????? ???? ????? ?????? (????), ????? ?? ????? ???-????, ???? ??? ???? ???, ?????? ??? ????? ?????: ????, ??, ???? ?????. ??? ????? ??? 72 ??? ???? ???? 1933 ?????? ????????[1].
?"? ???? ???? 1863 ?? ?????? ????? ?????? "?????", ?? ?? ????? ??????? ????. ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????, ????? 1870 ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? 1911.
??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ?"??? ??????" ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??[2]. ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?'???? ????', ????? ?? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????.
?? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ??"?, ???? ?????? ???? ?????? "??????" ???? ?????? ??-?????, ???? ?????? ???? ??? "????? ????", ?? ??? ???????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? ?????? ??? "??????" ?"????? ????????". ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? "?????? ????" ????????, ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????, ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ????, ??? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?-19. ?? ???, ??, ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??"?, ???? ???????? ?? ???.
??? ??????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????? ??? '????? ???? ?????' ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???. ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????: ????? ???? ????, ????? 1895 ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???. ?????, ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???[3].

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???? ?????, ????? ??? ??????? ?????????[4], ??? ????? ?? ??????, ????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????? "????" ???? ?? "???? ?????", ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?? ????, ??? ???? ???????, ???? ???????? ???? 1906[5].
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]- ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??-?????
- ??? ???? (????), "????? ??? ???????", ???????????? ?????? ????? ??????, ??? ? (1947), ??' 489
- ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ???????, ?????? ??????? ???????
- ????? ??? ???????, ??????? ??????? ??????? (???????)
- ?. ??????, ???? ??????, ???, 26 ???? 1939
- ???? ??????, ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ????????, ???"?-???"?, ????? 13, ???? ??"?
- ????? ???????, ???????? ??????? ????? ???-????? ?????? ???? ??"?, ????? 22, ????? 1982
- ???? ?????, ?????? ?? ??"? ??????? ????? ??? ??????, ????-?? "?????", ???"?, ????? ????? ????? ?????
????? ?? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? (1850-1914), ?? ??? ??????? ???????
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]- ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ?., ???????: ???"?-1908, ???? ?????????
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[????? ??? ???? | ?????]- ^ '???? ??????? ?"?', ???? ????, 26 ???? 1933.
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- ^ ??????? . ? ? ?? ? | ??????? | 27 ?????? 1906 | ???? ???????? | ??????? ???????, ???? www.nli.org.il
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- ????? ???? ????? ????? 1800–1881
- ???-??????? ?????? ?-1850
- ???-??????? ?????? ?-1914
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